She was born in Prague, then Czechoslovakia, on March 31, 1922. As a teenager she joined the Czech resistance. In 1944 she was taken to Theresienstadt, where she put into practice the nursing skills she had acquired in a Red Cross course in Prague. She escaped shortly before liberation, returning to the Czech capital, where she found her sister and studied nursing. With the arrival of Communism she decided to go to Paris, where she met her husband. Together they emigrated to Ecuador and passed through several South American countries until settling permanently in Venezuela in 1971.

She was born on June 17, 1925 in Pécs, Hungary. As a child she lived in Budapest. When the ghetto was formed she was taken to forced labor, even though she was forced to marry, believing that married women were not taken. Through the Swiss embassy she returned to the ghetto and waited for her liberation. Thanks to the Joint she went to Germany, then to Paris and in 1947 to Venezuela.

He was born in Novoselitsa, Romania, on May 25, 1928. In 1941 he began a difficult journey through four ghettos: his own town, Securen, Mogilev and Popivtsi. At the end of the war, with a sister and his father, he returned to his hometown and then, in 1949, emigrated to Peru, where a brother was already there. He arrived in Venezuela in 1975. 

She was born in Le Plessis Bouchard, France, on October 1, 1930. She spent her early childhood without knowing she was Jewish and when the war began her father hid her and her brother outside Paris, where they were taken in and saved by a French woman. In the middle of the war, her father picked them up and from Marseilles they embarked on a year-long journey that took them to many ports without them getting the documentation to disembark in some of them. Finally, in 1941 they were able to settle in Curaçao and in 1956 they arrived in Venezuela to restart once again, the destiny.

She was born in Salonika, Greece, on February 4, 1923. In 1943 the area of the city where her family lived was transformed into a ghetto, where they had to stay - with the exception of a sister who was married and moved to Syria - and then taken to Auschwitz. She was taken to Bergen-Belsen, and after liberation, back to her birthplace. In Salonika she was reunited with an old acquaintance whom she married. They went first to the United States and settled in Venezuela in 1956.

She was born on January 22, 1939 in Thessaloniki, Greece. As a child, her family moved to Athens, where they were caught up in World War II. Thanks to the permanent interference of a friend, they were able to hide in several houses until the end of the conflict. In 1948 she arrived in Venezuela with her parents and her brother born in 1945. Her integration into the Jewish community has been deep and she came to occupy for eighteen years the position of executive director of the Confederation of Israelite Associations of Venezuela (CAIV). 

She was born in Megyaszo, Hungary, on April 19, 1926. At the age of twelve she moved to Miskolc to attend high school and in 1944 was taken with her entire family to Auschwitz, from where only three sisters survived. The liberation surprised her in Bergen-Belsen. After the war she was able to reach Budapest, but a hasty suitor made her flee to Prague and then, together with a sister, to France. In Paris she met her husband and in 1953 they arrived in Venezuela in search of peace and quiet.

She was born in Olaszliska, Hungary, on December 12, 1917. Her mother died before the war when she was very young. In 1944, her father, siblings and other relatives were taken to a ghetto, and from there, almost among the last deportees, to Auschwitz. She was also in other camps: Plaszow, Breslow and finally Bergen-Belsen, where two sisters and a cousin died. At the end of the war she was able to emigrate to the United States, where she met her husband; after their marriage they settled in Venezuela. 

He was born on August 15, 1927 in Tarnow, Poland. The house in which he lived with his parents and three siblings was left inside the ghetto area, so they were able to stay together and in less precarious conditions than many others. When the ghetto was liquidated in 1942, he was separated from his family - taken and killed in Auschwitz - and taken first to the Plaszow concentration camp, then to Mauthhausen and finally to Gunsen. At the end of the war he managed to reach his hometown, from where he began a journey that would take him to Berlin, Frankfurt, New York, the Philippines, Hong Kong, Colombia and in 1965 to Venezuela. 

He was born on July 3, 1926, in Cieszyn, Poland. In 1941, when the Nazis occupied the city, the ghetto was formed and he had to work under the orders of the SS. He was transferred with his family to the Dulag transit camp and separated there. He and his brother went through countless labor camps until they finally arrived in Blechhammer. In one of the so-called "Death Marches" they managed to escape, but two weeks later they were seized again by the almost dying SS and taken to Mauthausen. He was liberated and taken to Italy, from where he was able to reach Israel and then Venezuela.

She was born in Drohobycz, Poland -today Ukraine-, on January 15, 1910. At the beginning of the persecutions, thanks to her brother-in-law, the whole family escaped and was hidden in various non-Jewish houses. She married at first marriage to Moises Horowitz, who was murdered in Boryslaw, and from this marriage was born Isodoro, her first son. After the war she remarried Abraham Borgman, with whom she had her daughter Gueña. Thanks to her sister and brother-in-law, they arrived in Venezuela in 1947.

He was born in Iasi, Romania, on August 3, 1934. His father died after a pogrom in 1941, while the rest of the family survived the blizzards of the war. In 1947 he moved to Bucharest with an uncle and that same year, in an attempt to reach Palestine, he was taken to an island in Cyprus. A few months later, along with other refugee children, he arrived in Israel, where he lived in a kibbutz and did his military service. In 1995 he traveled to Venezuela to meet her and stay for a short time that has become a forever. 

She was born in Dorabani, Romania, on July 22, 1922. When she was five years old the family moved to Czernowitz. With war looming she married Nathan Schachter in 1940 and in 1941 they were taken to the Czernowitz ghetto and immediately deported to Mogilev, where they stayed until 1943. They managed to escape to Dorohoi but were recaptured and sent to the Viznitz ghetto. In December 1944 they fled to Bucharest, where their daughter was born. In 1950 they traveled to Israel, then to Curaçao where her husband was spiritual leader of the Ashkenazi community, and in 1960 she settled in Venezuela where she consolidated a family in which she has been blessed to see the birth of great-grandchildren. 

He was born in Czernowitz, Romania, in 1928. Despite the entry of various armies into the city - Romanian, Soviet, German - his family was able to remain there until April 1945, when they moved to Bucharest. Faced with the threats of communism, as a philosophy student, he fled to Vienna and a year later to Heidelberg, where he completed his studies under the tutelage of Hans-Georg Gadamer, one of the great figures of twentieth-century philosophy. He joined his parents and brother in Montevideo, Uruguay, and stayed there until the military dictatorship pushed him to Venezuelan lands in 1974 where he developed a solid and admired career as a researcher and undergraduate and graduate teacher, having published important works and participated in national and international events. 

She was born on May 31, 1940 in Kitzman, Romania. He was barely one year old when the family was taken to several concentration camps: Mogilev, Martinovca, Djurin and Stepanovka. He endured numerous hardships and illnesses that did not cease after liberation. In 1945 she returned to her native country and when she was reunited with her father, after four years of separation, they had to flee to France and then to Venezuela in 1947. In Venezuela, after a difficult adaptation, she managed to find peace and forge a family together with Freddy Morgenstern. 

She was born on October 14, 1936 in Czernowitz, Romania, and was immediately taken to Bessarabia. In 1940 she fled to Czernowitz and was imprisoned with her family in the ghetto. Taken to Transnistria, they escaped, hiding for two years in Mogilev, in precarious conditions, with the bare minimum to survive. After a time in Dorohoi and Bucharest, fleeing communism they arrived in Venezuela in 1948, where she studied Pharmacy and made the story of her life a path retraced especially for this interview.

She was born on April 23, 1933 in Czernowitz, Romania. When the war began and the ghetto was formed, she was taken with her family, embarking on a journey that would take them through countless misfortunes to the labor camps of Otaci, Mogilev, Skazenetz and Tivriv. In order to return to Romania, her mother declared that she and her sister were orphans. The father died of typhus. She returned to Czernowitz and at the end of the war was reunited with her mother. In 1948, after a stint in Cyprus, she arrived in Israel, where she met her husband, Yehuda Bubis, with whom she settled in Venezuela in 1953. 

He was born on November 9, 1920 in Czernowitz, Romania. In 1941, already married to Rosika Davidsohn, he moved with a large family group to a room in the ghetto. On November 3, 1941 they were deported to Mogilev, where they stayed until 1943 in very precarious conditions: his parents died there. They managed to escape, claiming to be from Dorohoi, but were recaptured and sent to the Viznitz ghetto. In December 1944 they fled to Bucharest, where they awaited, without anxiety, the end of the war. 

She was born in Satu Mare, Romania, on September 25, 1925. In 1944, when the Germans invaded the country, the family home was left inside the ghetto and hundreds of people came to live with them. Within weeks they were sent to Auschwitz, where their mother, grandfather and younger brother died. Near the end of the war, she was part of the so-called "Death Marches", being taken to various camps until liberation. 

He was born on July 26, 1933 in Stanislawow, Poland. When the war began Alexander was only 6 years old; he recounts that his childhood up to that point had been very happy. On July 26, 1941, his 8th birthday, the Nazis invaded his town. They survived in the Stanislawow Ghetto for a year, "people were dying of hunger and disease. There was a typhoid epidemic and it was very cold. 

He was born in August 1927 in a small town called Svir, which in those years was part of Poland. He lived there with his parents, his little sister Itele and a large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins. In 1941 he began his difficult journey through the ghettos of his own city and those of Michaliszki and Vilna. He even had to hide in a cesspool for hours in order to survive.

She was born on August 1, 1932 in the city of Kharkov, former Soviet Union. For work reasons her parents moved to Odessa, where Lala - as she was called - had a happy childhood. At the age of 9 she was diagnosed with whooping cough which meant that, together with her mother, they moved for a time to her paternal grandparents' house in Kharkov. They traveled on June 22, 1941, the same day the Nazis invaded the Soviet Union. Larissa would only return to Odessa, as a tourist, fifty years later.

He was born in Breslau, Germany, now Poland, on September 4, 1938. Denny arrived in Uruguay two months after his birth, escaping from the war. His father had a store in Germany and on several occasions signs were placed on his door so that customers would not buy from him because he was Jewish.  Given the situations of discrimination that his family suffered and before they began to deport Jews to concentration camps, they escaped on an Italian ship bound for Colombia. 

She was born in Eltville, Germany on December 10, 1925. Ilse's father was the only Jewish employee of a very large company in Eltville, a small town in Germany. He was fired for being Jewish and after failing to find work because of discrimination, they moved to Frankfrut in 1935. Both parents worked as domestic servants to save the money for the 4 tickets and the Visa to emigrate to Uruguay. 

She was born in Warsaw, Poland on September 16, 1922 to a liberal Jewish family. They did not speak Yiddish because they all wanted to attend university and at that time people who spoke Polish with an accent were not accepted. Irene, before the war started, knew that she had to escape, she could not stay in her native Poland. It was a premonition stronger than herself, and so she did, so much so that the first letter from her mother told her how lucky she was to have been able to escape. She spent many years in Russia (USSR) in a labor camp, without access to good food or soap for hygiene. She was liberated, and with the British Empire traveled to Imolia, where she had the opportunity to meet Mahatma Gandhi.  

She was born in Belgium, in the city of Brussels, in December 1940.

He finally managed to leave Belgium with his family and they escaped to what was supposedly free France, Vichy France, but the Nazis were there too. Living in France he became ill with dysentery and they could not call a doctor for fear of being denounced, and so all his life he has had digestive tract problems.

He was born in Zagreb, Yugoslavia on May 20, 1924. In 1941 Axis forces invaded Yugoslavia. Alexander was at home with his family when they learned that they were being rounded up for deportation to a concentration camp. They managed to escape by skiing around the back of their house. They arrived later, in the city of Trieste, Italy until they took a ship to Uruguay. This country allowed him to have a happy life; to develop as a mechanic technician and to form his family. 

She was born in Liège, Belgium.  Charlotte, her brother and parents survived the Shoah in hiding in France, traveling through much of the country, seeking refuge and hiding with her brother for more than a year in a closet.  In her exile she saw many trains pass by without knowing, at first, what the final destination of the "passengers" was, which in reality was to be exterminated. 

She was born in Krakow, Poland in 1936. 

She was the only child of married couple Helena Safier and Chaim Peterseil. When the war began, she was only 3 years old. 

She lived for a time in the Krakow Ghetto and at her father's urging, she and her mother left the ghetto for the Aryan zone with false papers obtained by her father. He stayed behind so as not to risk them, for fear of being recognized as a Jew. 

Anita Zakaj Ruben is a Holocaust survivor, born in 1932 in Sarajevo, then part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Coming from a Sephardic Jewish family, Anita grew up surrounded by traditions and the Ladino language. With the outbreak of World War II and the Nazi occupation, her life changed dramatically: her family was persecuted because of their Jewish heritage.

She was born on April 13, 1923, in Romania in Satu Mare. When the war broke out, the family was living in Budapest and discriminatory measures against Jews were introduced.

In 1940 young Jewish men were forced to perform forced labor under brutal conditions. In March 1944, Germany invaded Hungary; up to this date the Jews had not been deported because Hungary was an ally of the Nazi regime.

She was born on July 15, 1926 in Romania in the city of Chernivtsi. Ester was 13 years old when the war broke out; she was studying in high school. Romania was not occupied by the Germans since the government was pro-Nazi. Jews were sent to Transnistria, but her family did not get to go. His father was in Brazil because as a doctor he was not allowed to practice his profession at the time of the Holocaust. He, along with other doctors, traveled in search of better opportunities. After the war, life was very difficult, there were microphones in the houses. You couldn't speak at all; they wrote what they wanted to say.

He was born in Berlin, Germany on September 23, 1930. Gerard's father had fought in the German army during World War I and believed that nothing would happen to them until foreign representatives of a Jewish institution asked his mother to help obtain permits for other families who needed to leave the country - a time-consuming task that put her in contact with members of the Gestapo - and she understood the true danger of the situation. When they learned that those over 50 were to be taken to the concentration camp, Gerard's father hid in the suitcase of the car and his mother drove to the Dutch border with Gerard in the back seat. They managed to get Gerard's father across the border and meet relatives.

She was born on April 4, 1934 in Poland, in the village of Brok-Ostrow near Warsaw. Her family consisted of her parents and her little sister.

In September 1939 the Nazis entered their village; she was only 5 years old and they were separated from her father, leaving her with her mother and a 6-week-old baby sister.  The next day the killings, raids and interrogations began.

Catherine's family and others were taken to a camp near the Soviet border. While in that camp they learned that the Soviets accepted the arrival of Jewish displaced persons. So the family, her parents, sister, maternal grandparents and uncles decided to escape from that camp, with the help of a Polish friend.

She was born on January 11, 1922 in Naklo, a small town on the Polish-German border. Years later he moved to Berlin with his family. Already in the 1930s, when the Concentration Camps were still in their infancy, his father Curt Hahn was deported to Buchenwald in 1938. Curt was later liberated. His stay in Buchenwald, although relatively brief, seemed interminable to him and left him with after-effects. 

Hanna was just shy of her 17th birthday when she experienced the traumatic Kristallnacht in Berlin.

She was born in 1935 in Skopje, former Yugoslavia, present-day Macedonia. He is part of the 2% of Yugoslavian Jews who were not murdered by the Nazis in the extermination camp of Treblinka. In 1940 they left Skopje and with their family moved to the city of Dechan -nowadays Kosovo- and there they settled in the house of the family of Arslan Mustafa of Muslim origin, who allowed them to build a house in his land, which later served as shelter for many other Jews. 

They left Skopje in 1940/1941 for Dechan. In the autumn of 1944, they entered the Balkan Mountains from Tirana, bound for Debra.

Leon Poplawski was born in Hajnowka near Byalistok, Poland.  From an early age he felt the rigors of war. He searched for food for the family as early as 9 years old, crossing snowy fields and risking his life, but he had a sharp mind and knew how to sneak out of danger. When they were taken on a cattle train bound for the Treblinka extermination camp with his entire family, he escaped with his four siblings through a loose piece of wood from the roof of one of the wagons. An official at the station had warned him that they were heading for certain death. It was during a snowy night in the middle of the Polish countryside. In throwing himself off the train, Leon suffered a hernia that lasted throughout the war. 

He was born in Beisefôrth, Germany on May 26, 1927. Lothar arrived in Uruguay at the age of 10 on November 16, 1937.  He and his family were among the first to arrive in Uruguay. His father, who had read Hitler's "My Struggle", made the decision to emigrate because of that book. He was very serious about it, contrary to his relatives who lived in his area. And he went to Uruguay because his mother's family had a confectionery in Frankfurt, which was frequented by the Uruguayan consul, who took his orders, due to the growing wave of anti-Semitism. 

She was born on February 24, 1927 in a village called Beltz in Poland. In 1939, Beltz was occupied by the Nazis and this caused great confusion among the population. Rachel was only 12 years old when her village was invaded and her life and that of her family would change forever. They decided to escape during the night, leaving all their possessions behind, in search of salvation. After a very difficult journey, they managed to reach the Soviet Union, escaping from the Nazis. There they endured terrible suffering and hardship. The war came to an end and Raquel and her family passed through several refugee camps all over Europe. The rest of the family of both parents was exterminated in the Shoah. 

She was born on October 31, 1943 in the village of Prushlik and miraculously survived the Shoah because Jewish babies born in Poland at the height of the war could hardly be saved from the Nazis' clutches. 

When the Nazis entered their village, they were sent to the Makuf Ghetto. Her parents were forced laborers and her mother also worked in a kitchen. She had to hide her at the risk of her own life. She did everything possible to prevent her from crying or laughing. The fear that the baby would be killed was constant.

She was born in 1928 in a village called Beled, Hungary, near the Austrian border. About 80 to 100 Jewish families lived in the village, some more religious than others. Valeria's first sign of danger came in 1938, when the Nazis annexed Austria to the Reich; a large part of the family lived there. Uncles, aunts, uncles and cousins came to Beled in search of refuge and eventually some made it to Australia and others to Uruguay.

Hungary was invaded by the Nazis in March 1944. Until that date, Hungarian Jews were subjected to acts of discrimination with laws that segregated them and some violent actions carried out by the Arrow Cross Party, the most extreme movement of Hungarian fascism. 

Linda Olivetti Colombo, known as Linda Kohen, is an Uruguayan painter, draftswoman and visual artist of Italian origin and descendant of Piedmontese Jews.

Born on October 28, 1924 in Milan, her family fled Nazi Germany in 1939 and settled in Buenos Aires and finally in Montevideo.

In 1946 she married Rafael Kohen, adopted his surname and settled again in the Argentine capital.

In 1977 she emigrated from Uruguay, in 1979 she settled in San Pablo where she lived until 1985, year in which she returned to Montevideo.

He was born on January 21, 1922 in Rome, Romania. When the war broke out Salomon was in Chernobyl. He was imprisoned in various ghettos and concentration camps and went through much suffering and disease, including typhus, one of the most deadly diseases of the time. As a prisoner he was taken to the forest daily and had to cut two cubic meters of firewood per day, otherwise he and his companions did not receive anything to eat or drink.

Eva was born on September 30, 1927 in a small town near Vienna, Austria. She was only 5 years old when Hitler came to power in 1933. On March 12, 1938, during the Anschluss, Wehrmacht troops invaded her country without encountering resistance and the Republic of Austria became a province of Germany. That day his parents were listening to the radio when they learned that the chancellor of their country had to resign because Hitler was taking power. The day after the invasion her father went to work as usual and the Nazis were waiting for him to arrest him for being a Jew. As a child she was forbidden to attend school and play with her friends because she was Jewish and her friends were Christians.

Miriam was born on May 8, 1927 in Haifa, Israel. When she was very young her family moved to Cluj, a city in northwestern Romania.

On September 1, 1939 the war broke out, she says she will never forget, one Thursday night she was with a friend in her mother's room and heard on the radio that the war had broken out. 

In 1940 Hitler decreed that half of northern Transylvania was to be transferred to Hungary, at that time Miriam was thirteen years old. "When Transylvania was divided into two: Hungary and Romania, we stayed in Hungary, so I continued until 1944 when I finished my 5th year of high school," she recalls.

Lea was born in Bialystok, Poland, where she spent a happy childhood, but in September 1939, at the outbreak of World War II, at the age of 12, her life is shattered forever. She and her family are moved for two years to the Pruzany Ghetto, where they live in overcrowded conditions. In February 1943 they were transferred to the Auschwitz extermination camp. Her parents and her two brothers were sent directly to the gas chamber, while Lea, together with her aunt, managed to survive, being saved day by day, always by a miracle. After two years of hell, as the end of the war approached, with the evacuation of the camps, Lea took part in the Death March and was liberated by the Russians on the banks of the Elbe River on April 23, 1945.

Kertesz was born on August 27, 1928 in Budapest, Hungary. The Great Depression of the 1930s left his mother unemployed. His father had fought in World War I and a wound left his left hand virtually immobilized. He received the Iron Cross and a humble pension as a war wounded. 

In 1935 surnames began to be Hungarianized due to persecution and nationalism. His surname changed from Kohn to Kertesz. The following year, they wrote to his uncle, Jancsi, who had been living in Argentina for seven years to tell him that it was a good time to return to Budapest. 

She was born on September 9, 1925 in Budapest, Hungary. The Hungarian State, in 1938, was allied with the Germans until its president, in October 1944, decided to break that pact and became an enemy of the Nazis. At the age of 15, she was forbidden to study because she was Jewish. She lived locked up in houses whose fronts were marked with the yellow star. She had the yellow star sewn into her clothes. 

She worked as a slave digging wells. She almost died of typhus, the working conditions and the way of life were totally inhumane and because of this, Eva contracted the disease from the contaminated water. 

Pedro was born in Budapest, Hungary, on July 8, 1938. His father was captured and murdered in the gas chambers of Auschwitz. He lived in hiding with his mother and his mother's sisters in the Budapest ghetto. Most of his family was murdered during the Holocaust. He arrived in Argentina at the age of 14. Before that, he was in Transylvania, Romania, and from there he went to Israel, only to arrive in Argentina, just to see the bombing of the Plaza de Mayo in 1955.

Hélène was born in Paris in 1940. After the great roundup of July 1942 and before fleeing, her parents managed to place her in the care of a Catholic family with whom she lived for more than two years. Her parents and her brother, who, after obtaining false documents, had managed to cross the demarcation line, lived clandestinely first in a village in the free zone and then near Paris. Once the Parisian region was liberated, in August 1944, they were reunited with the girl. 

Pedro was born in Leipzig, Germany in 1929. His father, Haskel, born in 1899, came from Poland, and his mother, Reisl Adler, born in 1906, from Austria. By 1933 Hitler was elected Chancellor, and in that year his father, sensing the danger, arranged for his family to emigrate. The family arrives in France and rents a house in Enghein-les-Bains.

She was born in Paris, France in 1933. When the war started Lily was 7 years old, as France surrendered she had to leave Paris to escape from the Germans. After a long journey she, her brother and parents arrived in Nice, in the south of France. They were safe for a long time as the Germans did not reach the southern part of France. The Nazis invaded the northern part of France and the southern part belonged to the Italians who were allied at the time with Germany.

He was born in Hamburg, Germany in 1935. Peter had to flee Germany with his family when he was only 6 years old. The only possible destination for Jews at that time was in the Shanghai ghetto. When Japan entered the war in 1941, they were confined to the poorest quarter. Overcrowded, with little food and deplorable sanitary conditions, they suffered for seven years. Once liberated, he arrived as an illegal immigrant in Argentina in 1948.

Monica was born in the ghetto of Lida, Belarus in 1941, in the midst of the horror of the Shoah. She was named Rujel Mowszowicz.  Her parents Nejama and Shaike are deported to the ghetto along with their two young daughters, Neja and Esther. They quickly realize that survival there meant death for their daughters. At only three months old, Rujel was taken out of the ghetto and given to a non-Jewish Polish couple. They will be the ones who will nurture her until the end of the war and her new identity will be Irina Shipula. Later Irina will become Monica. A story that reveals the cruelty of human beings and at the same time the infinite love for life.

He was born in Paris, France on February 4, 1940.  At the end of April in 1941: during a raid, the police arrive at the Gattegno's house. His father, who had put the Spanish flag on his balcony, shows his Spanish papers, which saves them from possible arrest, but it is a sign: they must think about leaving Paris and go underground. That same year they made all the necessary arrangements, but the application of Circular No. 11, which prohibited Argentine consuls in Europe from issuing visas to Jews, had become so strict that they decided to try to emigrate to Uruguay, from where, once they had obtained the identity card, it would be easy for them to enter Argentina legally.

She was born in Rome, Italy in 1938. His father was the first Jewish engineer to join the state-owned Rome tramway company. When Hitler arrives in Italy in 1939, he gets Mussolini to create a law to throw all Jews out of any state employment. For this reason they must move to Milan where his father gets a new job. By 1941 their life was unlivable since in Milan there were many bombings by the Allies and they lived practically in the basement locked up. Claudia was very young at the time and became ill with pneumonia; if they continued in the cellar she would die. 

Rosa Rotenberg is a Holocaust survivor, born in 1941 in the Warsaw Ghetto, Poland. At just six months old, her parents, Salomón Rotenberg and Regina Seywacz, made the decision to smuggle her out of the ghetto in order to save her from the inhumane conditions they were enduring. She was placed with a Catholic family and later moved to an orphanage run by nuns, where she lived under the false name of Wanda Darlewska.

Cathy was born on December 24, 1935, in Brussels, Belgium, during a holiday visit by her parents, although her family normally lived in France. The youngest of five siblings, she grew up in Paris and Issy, where her father owned jewelry stores. With the outbreak of World War II, her childhood was marked by hardships, bombings, and the wailing of sirens warning of air raids — memories that have stayed with her ever since. Despite the difficulties, her mother managed to secure basic food and keep the family together.

Eva Dicker was born in 1942 in Pest, Budapest (Hungary), during the height of World War II. Shortly after her birth, her father was sent to forced labor at the Mauthausen concentration camp, while Eva and her mother survived by hiding in the home of a Catholic family. The war left a deep scar on her family: of her father’s six siblings, only he and one brother survived, while the others were murdered along with their families.

osette Laznowski was born in 1940 in Paris, just as Germany began the occupation of France during World War II. Due to the difficulties of finding work at the time, her father enlisted in the French Foreign Legion to support the family, so Josette first met him only in 1941. Life under Nazi occupation became increasingly dangerous for Jewish families like hers, and to protect Josette and her sister Adela, their mother entrusted them to the care of Madame Moulard in Brou, a small French village, where they survived in hiding until the end of the war.

Marion Eppinger was born in November 1933 in Budapest, Hungary, where she lived a peaceful childhood with her parents and grandparents until March 1944. That year, following the German occupation and the rise of the ultra-Nazi Arrow Cross Party, the brutal persecution of Hungarian Jews began. In a desperate attempt to protect Marion and her brother, her parents made heartbreaking decisions: they placed them in a children’s hospital, attempted to hide in rural properties, and ultimately took refuge in a house in Budapest marked with the yellow star. As the threat of mass deportations loomed, the family managed to obtain false documents and fled to Slovakia, where they lived in hiding as supposed Croatian refugees.

Noelly was born on April 24, 1939, in Brussels, Belgium, during the height of World War II. At the age of three, she was separated from her parents, who were deported to Auschwitz, and sent to a children’s home in the Belgian countryside. Later, thanks to the bravery of two Catholic sisters who risked their lives to save her, Noelly was taken into a small village, where she lived protected under a false name to avoid being discovered by the Nazis.

Régine Herlicovic was born in Poland in 1930, but fled to France with her parents just as the war was beginning, which made her feel more French than anything else. She was only 15 days old when she arrived in France. She lived with her parents and two sisters, and witnessed the horrors of the Nazi occupation starting on July 22, 1942, when French Jews were forced to wear the yellow star and follow new oppressive laws. Régine’s family faced constant danger, and although her father, a well-known furrier, provided some protection, it was their courage and the support of friends that allowed them to survive.